Housing regulation varies sharply—even within the same region.

The updated Wharton index maps high- and low-regulation communities across 44 metropolitan areas.

FROM THE PAPERFigure 1 · Regional variation in land-use regulation

Source: Gyourko, Hartley & Krimmel (2021) · Figure 1; PDF p. 42

Keep in mind: The map shows index levels and changes, not the causal effect of regulation on housing outcomes.

Share the evidence

The updated Wharton index maps high- and low-regulation communities across 44 metropolitan areas.

Source: Gyourko, Hartley & Krimmel (2021)
Figure: Figure 1 · Regional variation in land-use regulation · Figure 1; PDF p. 42
Keep in mind: The map shows index levels and changes, not the causal effect of regulation on housing outcomes.

Too many people are chasing too few homes. See why—and what communities can do about it.